The Poems Mending Wall And Home Burial Are About Division, Both On Essay Example For Students

The Poems Mending Wall And Home Burial Are About Division, Both On Essay The poems ?Mending Wall and ?Home Burial are about division, both on a physical level and on a mental level. ?Mending Wall on first reading is a very simplistic poem about the annual repairing of a wall but after closer reading we can see it has a darker meaning. The poem begins with a disjointed sentence, which immediately attracts the readers eye. We will write a custom essay on The Poems Mending Wall And Home Burial Are About Division, Both On specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now ?Something there is that doesnt love a wall,The use of the word ?Something arouses the readers curious nature to read on to find out what this ?Something is. The tone of this is casual and unimposing. The author proceeds in a conversational tone speaking of the reasons to explain the breaking down of the wall. The reasons given are all quite practical but yet through these reasons we get a glimpse of the message, which the author desperately wants us to find. ?And make gaps even two can pass abreast.Even though the poem is about division and separation we have a theme of unity in this line creeping through. The speaker expresses an awe of nature and a deep-rooted respect this is displayed in the way he talks about the breaking of the wall by nature. ?That sends the frozen-ground-swell under itAnd spills the upper boulders in the sun,The use of the alliteration of the ss is very calming and the sounds create a flowing movement. ?And on a day we meet to walk the lineAnd set the wall between us once again.The author uses the words ?meet and ?between us in close proximity to each other to give the impression that although the two men work together for the same reason they are actually working alone. The wall is a barrier that both separates them and yet unifies them in the fixing of it. ?We have to use a spell to make them balance;The use of the word spell hints at magically overtones by the author lets the reader know that all things are possible. The words ?game and ?one on a side further emphasize the theme of division. There is never any direct speech between the two men but yet through the speaker we learn about what the other man thinks about the wall. ?Good fences make good neighbours.The speaker does not think the wall is necessary?There where it is we do not need the wall.The suggestion is always implied by the speaker but yet never spoken out loud. The author has a playful nature and through the poem it is displayed,?Spring is the mischief in me,.The author uses the word ?offense as an appropriate play on words a symbol of the poems spirit of play and freedom. The author repeats the opening line as if to reawaken the thoughts he had left behind. The speaker in the poem makes a lighthearted attempt at a suggestion for the walls breaking,?.I could say ?Elves to him,even though this is humorous thought the neighbour would never think of it. It is only through the speakers imagination that he thought of elves; the other mans thoughts are confined to reality. The speaker sees the man in a different light. He is a serious man with little time for ?flights of fantasy the speaker describes him as an ?old-stone savage armed. The speaker is not referring to his physically appearance but to his mind and its workings. The other man in the poem is concerned with rituals any diversion from his normal thinking is a bad thing. The creative and imaginative side of his brain lies dormant. ?He will not go behind his fathers saying. And he likes having thought of it so wellThe other man in the poem is trapped by work and possibly his own past as it comes to him in the words his father said. He is tied down by these words not just physically by the mending of the wall but also mentally when he takes everything on a rational level no form of escapism is applied in his life. The poem highlights two types of people in todays world. The first is represented by the speaker a man who lives by no mental boundaries. The second is represented by the second man in the poem who is totally oblivious to the gift of imagination. The wall is more a mental thing that shields him from the uncivilized world beyond it but also stops any side of himself being revealed. .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f , .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .postImageUrl , .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f , .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f:hover , .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f:visited , .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f:active { border:0!important; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f:active , .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u192c472112e900e359da2297332e3e6f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Acid Rain (1878 words) EssayThe poem ?Home Burial has a more sombre tone to it. The tone of the poem is very tense. The poem begins with the man looking at his wife yet she appears to be staring somewhere else. This is one of the main images of the poem where he is looking at her and she is looking over her shoulder at the past. She is apprehensive about moving from this stance as shown by her hesitant steps on the stairs. ?Looking back over her shoulder at some fear.She took a doubtful step and then undid itThe stairs are a symbol of time, her husband is at the bottom and represents the future, yet she is ever more reluctant to go to him and prefers to remain in the past where she feels most comfortable. The woman is the weaker minded of the two and shows this throughout the course of the poem. Her husband finds it hard to relate to her without soundings harsh. ?..-for I want to know.The man takes a stronger stance and is physically bigger than her. He towers over her as she sinks down into the stairs. He takes a dominant position thus emphasizing the fact that she is the weaker. ?Mounting until she cowered under him.He loves her yet she is so very defensive towards him. They way in which she speaks to him is foreboding and she is resilient to him. ?With the least stiffening of her neck and silence. She let him look, sure that he wouldnt see,Blind creature;The use of the words ? blind creature are very effective because it shows she thinks of him as less than a human because he can not see what she sees. The woman finds it easier to express her pain through hot tears rather than through words. She lashes out at her husband with anger but yet has no reason to hate him. ?But I understand: it is not the stones,But the childs mound-The use of the word ?understand indicates that he does know what is going on but feels it hard to talk about his pain. She feels disgusted by him because he can not express his feelings on the subject but yet when he does she reels in pain and backs off. ?She withdrew, shrinking from beneath his arm.When he pleads with her to listen to him talk about his feelings she snaps at him abruptly. ?Not you!-The use of the exclamation shows her anger. Her replies to him are monosyllabic which further enhance the feelings of division between them. When confronted with the vulnerable side of her husband she runs away. ?I must get out of here..Its clear from her husbands response that she runs away from him when she needs him the most. The balance in her life has shifted and she feels consumed with anger and feels herself drowning in emotions. She puts up a mental barrier as a knee-jerk reaction to the death of her child. The barrier is the division between them. He tries to explain what he feels in the only way he knows how. ?My words are nearly always an offence.He has tried everything humanly possible to be there for her yet she repels any effort made on his behalf. She does not know how to cope. ?A man must partly give up being a manWith womenfolk..He is referring to the social attitude to women and their emotions. In todays society women are pigeon holed seen as the emotional sex and need men to hold their lives together with support. ?Tell me about it if its something human,Let me into your grief. Im not so muchUnlike other folks as your standing thereThe man is totally at a loss as what to do. He wants to help her cope with the tragedy but she is still unapproachable. .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 , .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .postImageUrl , .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 , .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723:hover , .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723:visited , .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723:active { border:0!important; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723:active , .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723 .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u6eafe9c13b486636a490f5d188d78723:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Birth Order Essay Disagreeing?What was it brought you up to think it the thingTo take your mother-loss of a first childSo inconsolably in the face of love.Her childhood was such that she has imprinted in her mind that only the women mourn the loss of children so she feels resentful that he wants to mourn the loss of their child as well. She has pushed her husband so far away that he feels totally isolated from the situation. He feels annoyed with her that she is so consumed with emotions and yet pushes him away. ?If you had any feelings,She sums up what she thinks by saying he is emotionally numb. The hatred for her husband has erupted because she saw him dig the childs grave. ? I saw you from that very window there,Making the gravel leap and leap in air,The use of the word ?leap is very significant because it is usually a word that conveys joy. Her hostility stems from the fact that when he dug the grave he seemed happy not racked with pain like her. ?You could sit there with the stains on you shoesOf fresh earth from your own babys grave.She feels so disgusted by him and has seeming complacency about the childs death. She uses his very words to try and prove that she is right, that he is emotionally deadened. The words he spoke to take his mind off the death are thrown back in his face as ammunition for her fiery hatred. ?You couldnt care!The exclamation mark here is even more prevalent than the previous one to convey utter loathing. ?One is alone, and he dies more alone.This is the stance she takes on life and on eventually death. ?But the worlds evil. I wont have grief soIf I can change it. Oh, I wont, I wont!The repetition of ?I wont proves the determination she puts behind it she hates the world, herself and her husband for their childs death. ?There, you have said it all and you feel better. You wont go now.Finally she has truly expressed her feelings on everything. They are mixed and confused and bitter but at least she said exactly what was on her mind. She has to run from everything and just as she was beginning to open up to her husband. There are great communication problems in their relationship. She feels compelled to run away when there trouble. ?. First tell me that. Ill follow and bring you back by force. I will! -He feels that they have just reached a turning point and yet she still runs away. The husband represents the typical male in society that has been shaped as the rock in any relationship. The wife is the typical female who is ruled by emotion. The wife in this situation has no where to run to in your mind. She is backed up into a corner and can not cope with all these emotions. She probably feels guilty over her childs death and so turns this guilt into hatred and lashes out at her husband who is only trying to be supportive but yet everything he does is wrong in her eyes. She hurts him to let him know how she feels, she attacks the person she needs the most and who loves her the most. As with ?Mending Wall the themes of division are apparent. In ?Home Burial the wife like the other man is confined to a prison within her mind. She wants to break free from the claustrophobic atmosphere within herself. The emotion for her is so overpowering that she can no longer separate the good from the bad; there is no difference for her. The mind is the only thing we have yet to destroy in our world. For some it can be a haven of imagination and excitement like the speaker in ?Mending Wall a sort of practical tool as a from of escapism. For others it can become a personal hell like that of confinement

Concept of the Theory of Behaviorism in Psychology

Concept of the Theory of Behaviorism in Psychology The theory of behaviorism tries to explain how human behaviors are molded and the effects that the inborn and social environments have on once behavior; behavior can be defined as a systematic and observable manner of doing things without much of internal mental state consideration, a person’s behavior becomes his habit (Staddon Cerutti, 2003). According to the theory; there are two main conditioning of human life depending with the situation the person is under, they are:Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Concept of the Theory of Behaviorism in Psychology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Classical conditioning Under this condition it involves molding of human behavior through naturally occurring stimulus that Is pared to a certain response: with time the neutral stimulus is able to command some response. For example a person who has lived in a place that has war, may have experienced some attacks made by war planes; after the war is over, by hearing the sound of a passing plane, the persons mind has been conditioned to attach the sound with some attacks, he then becomes frightened. Operant conditioning Operant conditioning is a term used to refer to behavior modification that is attained trough a response-reward system. The major assumption (which happens to be true) is that human beings behavior can be conditioned through a reward system. The reward may be positive, which reinforces a positive behavior, may be negative which discourages a certain negative behavior. The underlying philosophy of the theory is that animals, human beings included, respond to stimuli. Thus if they can associate a specific stimulate with a certain behavior, and then they are likely to avoid or repeat the behavior in future. Rationale of why the topic was selected In social and political theory the trends and systems of human behavior is an important element that cannot be ignored, the way human being beha ve and what motivates them behave the way they do are important areas of intervention for social scientists. The topic of behaviorism becomes important as the policy makers seek to learn societal dynamics as well as how people behave and how the behavior can be molded for the benefit of the parties involved. In social movements, people’s behavior can be conditioned to give a certain impression or express their views in a particular manner; other than on public level, the topic is important to understand the behavior of others as well as behavior changes (Olson Hergenhahn, 2009). Why this topic is important in the study of psychology of criminal behavior Some psychologists have argued that criminology is a behavior learnt, reinforced and developed like any other behavior; with the study of behaviorism, policy makers and criminologists are able to understand why there exists a certain trend in the community, it is an important topic to understand crime and how it is developed as a behavior in people’s life.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The idea of behaviorism is the approach taken by crime fighters and punishers of offenders; it assists them know the right intervention and the best punishments that can be given to offenders to deter them from committing crime. The thought of the suffering that is likely to come give result to a certain behavior that is mostly keeping away from crime. Using the theory of behaviorism, psychologists are able to learn different method through which they can understand the world and different segments of society; they can have answers why crime is more predominant to a certain area, thus they are able to offer sound recommendations on the best crime prevention methods to the authority’s concerned (Feud Strachey, 1976). References Feud, S., Strachey, J. (1976).The complete psychological work of Sigm und freud. New York: W.W. Norton Company. Olson, M. , Hergenhahn, B.R. (2009). An Introduction to Theories of Learning, Eighth Edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Staddon, J., Cerutti, D. (2003). OPERANT CONDITIONING. Annual Review of Psychology, 54(1), 115. Retrieved from Business Source Complete

Textbook Evaluation Justification Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Textbook Evaluation Justification - Assignment Example The first textbook limits the fourth grade students to classroom-based activities thus making in inappropriate. The second book enables teachers to equip students with the skills applicable both within and outside class. In many institutions of learning, teachers are recommended to use different learning strategies in order to make students complete and resourceful people both in school and after graduating. The second textbook balance the content provided to students thus making it the best for teaching fourth grade students (Harcourt School Publishers Staff 2012). Content of some textbooks such as the first one lack sequence thus sabotaging efforts of students to build upon their prior knowledge and foundation skills. The second textbook Harcourt Language becomes preferred choice because sequence of content. Harcourt Language is one of the few books which effectively transfer content from one writing level to another. It equips students with language and writing skills necessary in other levels of education. Null curriculum is unnecessary thus should not have any impact on learning operations of the students. The second book does this best thus making it the most suitable for teaching fourth grade students. Learning institutions comprises of students of different sex and they come from different social, ethnic, political and religious backgrounds. As such, the content taught should factor this aspect. The evaluation of the second book indicates that it meets this criterion thus making it more appropriate. A good textbook uses unlimited primary source materials. It should also encourage students to use higher order thinking skills through examples. Harcourt Language perfectly does it (Harcourt School Publishers Staff 2012). The organization of the chapters and the format of the book are excellent thus enabling the teachers and the students to easily use it. This is also facilitated by outstanding organizational

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation - Essay Example The decision of â€Å"do not resuscitate† is made by the patient if he is functionally able to convey it. If otherwise, the family members may have to make the decision when it is called surrogate decision (Torke, 2011). The subject has been the topic of discussion along with other end-of-life decisions due to the ethical and legal bearings (Sham et al, 2007). The decisions on the withholding of the treatment for the sustenance of life would be relaying the message that the patient accepts the progression of the disease and that he trusts the healing physician. There will be an underlying desire to reduce the burden on others. The wish to live and die naturally could also be influencing his decision (Sham et al, 2007). Research has elicited various factors influencing the doctors when the DNR (do not resuscitate) orders are made. These are based on the themes of a probability of survival, the desire of the patient, the quality of life prior to present illness and the quality e xpected after it (Sham et al, 2007). Federal and State policies in the US advice advance care planning where the patient may be encouraged to make his decision for other end-of-life decisions but DNR has been excluded (Sham et al, 2007). The BBC News has reported that the British Medical Association and the Royal College of Nursing in the UK have issued guidelines which indicated that the DNR orders could be issued only in consultation with the patients and families (BBC Ethics Guide, 2011). In Australia, the not-for-resuscitation (NFR) orders formed part of the medical practice but policies have still not yet provided a fool-proof method of implementation (Sidhu et al, 2007). Researchers indicate that current policies showroom for improvement: there are no standardised forms or patient information leaflets (Sidhu et al, 2007). A clinical audit had been conducted by Salins and Jansen as a retrospective study to determine the accuracy of documentation of NFR orders in patients who had died at the Lyell McEwin Hospital (2011).   This hospital was part of a teaching hospital in South Australia in 2007.   Eighty-eight files could be accessed for information.  

Case Study in Comuter Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case Study in Comuter Security - Essay Example It provides consistent approaches for the applications that could be running on the organizations or within the internet cloud. Advantages and disadvantages STS can simplify authentication logic especially for every individual software applications. It makes it possible for applications to identify certain aspects about the users even without interrogating the user. It simplifies authentication processes for user. The major disadvantage is confusion in the term and concepts. It requires substantial skills to use the application and it is costly to install and use. Claims-based identity could be used by the Metropolitan Police Service as a way of applications for acquiring identity information required for every individual working for the police service within the area. The administrators could establish and acquire all MPS users’ identity information. MPS could find this technology useful since it provides an approach, which is consistent for the applications that are running on the Metropolitan Police Service premises as well as in the internet cloud. ... s The Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) is used in managing multiple identities in different roles within the police service Advantages and disadvantages It is advantageous in that it allows role associations that can be created when new operations are started and old associations are done away with. It is also advantageous in terms of its ability to control privileges at an individual level. The technology is technical and costly to adopt. Application The Metropolitan Police Services can utilize this technology for a successful operation of its activities without comprising the security of sensitive information in the police service. Recommendation I would recommend the use of the claims-based identity technology because it has more potential grounds in preventing multiple identities. It has potential to make authentication logic simpler for every individual software application. In this case, the applications do not require the provision of account creation mechanisms, password crea tion, or even reset. Again, there is hardly any need to interrogate user to determine certain information since the technology can establish certain aspects about the user. Answer to Question 2 Role In the world of information technology, there is an important need to strengthen user authentication in order to keep hackers and such kind of people at bay and there different ways to validate the identity of a user which do have distinct levels of security (Douligeris 2007, p.173). The single factor authentication involves simple identifications like a badge that is used to access a door or a building that is potentially fairly secure but may be prone to failures such as problems of passwords. Biometrics is highly used as a secure and very convenient authentication tool. This tool can hardly

Electric Commuter Train Or Commuter Rail Tourism Essay

Electric Commuter Train Or Commuter Rail Tourism Essay Electric commuter train or commuter rail is a passenger rail transport service between a city center and commuter towns that draw large numbers of people who travel on a daily basis. Commuter trains are usually optimized for maximum passenger volume, in most cases without sacrificing too much comfort and luggage space, though they seldom have all the amenities of long-distance trains. This service provided by the government in order to give more convenience towards people for urban and rural areas to move (White, 2002). The service is able to meets the requirement and desire through the perception of Malaysian citizen towards the service quality of commuter train by Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB). The service quality in the commuter train can be measured by SERVQUAL dimension which is focuses in term of tangibles, reliability and responsiveness (Parasuraman et. al., 1985). According to Wiki, SERVQUAL was originally measured on 10 aspects of  service quality: reliability, respo nsiveness, competence, access, courtesy, communication, credibility, security, understanding the  customer  and tangibles. It measures the gap between customer expectations and experience. The service quality of the commuter train becomes important issue in order to have better and comfortable environment. The service quality of the public transport in that area seems unsatisfied and average level, which are physical facilities in term of cleanliness and comfortableness, punctuality, frequencies and responsiveness of the driver and conductor of the public transports. Is it the services quality of the commuter train is really implemented well in this country whether in urban or rural areas? This is because more allocation provided to reconstruct the quality of public transport. Therefore these researches try to investigate the perception of the Malaysian citizen towards the service qualities of the Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB). Background of the study In Malaysia, KTM commuter is the one of the electrified commuter train service that operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB). It was first introduced in 1995 to cater people especially in Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding suburban areas and it is a popular mode of transport for people who are working in Kuala Lumpur as they can travel to the city without being caught in traffic congestion. KTM commuter is currently the most profitable passenger service offered by KTMB, contributing RM84.63 million to group revenue in 2006, higher than KTM Intercitys profit of RM70.94 million in the same year (Nathan and Darshini, 2007). KTM commuter has attracted a significant number of passengers in the transportation market. According to the Ministry of Transport Malaysia 2008 Statistics; the annual ridership for KTM commuter was 36,557 millions of passengers (MOT, 2008). This study is important for KTMB generally and KTM commuter specifically to improve their services especially trains services. Having the information gathered from this study, they can look for effective ways in overcoming these problems and be more competitive in their services since the respondents for this study are KTM commuter customers themselves. From the findings of this study, the management can be made aware of the problems that they are facing everyday and the come up with proactive actions to provide better services to the customers. In return, the customers will enjoy a better quality of services in the future. Research objectives The objectives of the study are: To assess the service quality perceived by passengers of Malaysian citizen who ride the KTM commuter To examine factors influencing the good services provided by KTM commuter. Problem statement The current issues and problems regards in the Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) public transports is the time arrival and time travel delaying. Many customers or passengers when went and used that service they was not satisfied with the service quality provided by this KTM B after used the KTM commuter service in term of punctuality and frequencies of train arrive. This issue showed even the public transportation is modernized and in the urban areas but service quality is still lacking and not well implemented. This will lead to negative perception and not satisfy the consumer using the public transports (Karen Thompson, Peter Schofield 2002). The problem of time arrival delaying was related with the other problem which is the space in the KTM commuter. This is because insufficient space to carry more passengers and others whereby the congestion occurred. Nowadays people out there mostly using a public transport like commuter as their transport so, the chance of increase passenger s are higher than before. So when the space of KTM commuter limited and crowded it will become worse to passengers to use and went it. Significant of the study Today the need for an efficient and effective public transportation service like KTM commuter is becoming more importance in order to overcome these problems especially in the Klang Valley. Besides that, many transportation companies are competing with each other to attract as many customers and gain more profit. It is imperative that KTM commuter needs to become more progressive and aggressive to compete with the competitors because nowadays, customers are becoming more demanding with the quality of the service. The want value for money that is they expect the service quality that they received from the service providers equals or exceeds what they had paid for (Mitra Lagerstrom, 2002). Reliability is focusing on frequencies and punctuality of the public transport arrives on time and able to meet the perception expectation of the user. Reliability means the ability to perform the promised service dependably and accurately (Parasuraman, et. al., 1988). The measuring arrival of the pu blic transport at the destination on time is of limited usefulness and will give positive impact towards the public expectation and perceptions. The punctuality measured in term of time arrival and departure is important elements in reliability service quality of dimension. Theoretical framework Speed Punctuality Service quality Space Frequency Safety Reliability Train operationDEPENDENT VARIABLES Comfort INDEPENDENT VARIABLES Research hypothesis There are three hypothesis developed in this study: Hypothesis 1 : There is a significant difference between dimension of tangible and service quality of the Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) Hypothesis 2 : There is a significant difference between dimension of reliability and service quality of the Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) Hypothesis 3 : There is a significant difference between dimension of responsiveness and service quality of the Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) Task 2 (LOC 3 : AC 3) Introduction Literature review is a documentation of a comprehensive review of the published and unpublished work from secondary sources of data in the areas of specific interest to the researcher. Past research on the phenomenon under investigation must play key role in the process of problem formulation. Literature review Customer satisfaction According to our team survey , most of the people satisfied with KTMB services meanwhile there are some services that KTMB are not doing well in their job customer satisfaction are important because customer are judging by services based on pricing that KTMB create. KTMB also have to improve their services based on doing a survey, give a recommendation to customer itself, on other hand the customer also have to give their opinion on what there want or like. Customer loyalty Customer loyalty always follows satisfaction, which is determined from the service quality offered by the KTMB. It is also one of the most frequently used indicators to measure the success of a marketing strategy. Research methodology Introduction The word methodology is the method that any researcher used with appropriate steps, method, technique and tools together with the approaches taken in the research process. Data collection Primary data Primary data is used for this research and the data is obtained using self-administered questionnaires. The questionnaire comprised of two sections. The first section is designed to capture the respondents demographic. The questions asked in this section are related to the respondents gender, nationality, ethnicity, age, marital status, and occupation. The second section is designed to measure the customers perceptions towards various dimensions of services performance in KTM commuter service. The questionnaires are distributed among customers on board the train and those waiting for trains in the stations between 8 October to 10 October 2010. The sample for this study consists of 50 respondent in Batang Benar station. Secondary data According Kotler and Armstrong, secondary data can be defined as information that already exists somewhere, having been collected for another purpose. It may be available from internal sources, or may have been collected and published by another organization. Secondary data usually can be obtained more quickly and at lower price than primary data as researchers can gain the needed data in form of government reports and statistics, company reports and accounts, articles or journals in internet and reports in newspapers. Besides, the data that has been collected can be used to get a new perspective on the current study, to compare the work from previous findings or to use as a reference for future study. The table below shows the secondary sources that will be used in carrying out the research. Sources Explanation Books Literary work by professionals that relates to the food and beverage industry, guides on conducting research projects, as well as information on data of previously conducted research. Internet The internet offers unlimited sources of information that caters to all topic areas. Journals Journals are a good source of secondary data, as they may contain vital information of a certain period of time. Past Research Data from previous research can be used to compare the statistics and other information Task 3 (LOC 3 : AC 4 and LOC 4 : AC 1 and AC 2) Here are more ideas as to how to solve the problem on transportation. This research can understand for simplicity why KTMB designate their routes Seremban-Rawang and Sentul-Port Klang. But being so rigid about it can lead to adverse effects. Most people who take the KTM commuter are doing it to get in and out of the city (e.g. Subang Jaya-Sentral). Or users who just want to travel down the line (e.g. Seremban-Kajang). Although there must be people who use it to cross the Klang Valley (e.g. Seremban-Rawang), they are not in the majority. The way the service routes are designed, it seems silly why these trains have to make one full journey back and forth each branch for every run. Actual fact, delays at one part of the system can lead to other trains being delayed elsewhere, further down the line. For example, a Rawang-Seremban service might be delayed simply because somewhere in Kajang, there is a delay. In other words, researcher suggesting that the operations of these services should be made somewhat a bit more independent to each other. KTMB should consider introducing a variety of routes. Other than that, at not so busy hours, they should maintain their current service routes, as usual. But at peak hours: Seremban-Tasik Selatan Passengers take the Sri Petaling LRT or KLIA Transit to continue their journeys. Rawang-Bank Negara Passengers take the Sri Petaling and Ampang LRT to continue their southward journeys. Reduce service on the Sentul KTM branch passengers can hope off at Bank Negara to continue on the Sri Petaling and Ampang LRT. Introduce express services that bypass not-so busy stations. Introduce services that start and terminate at busy stations like Subang Jaya, Serdang etc. Construct a Komuter station at Abdullah Hukum to allow westerly passengers to bypass Sentral (and finally putting Abdullah Hukum to good use). Continue serving the usual full Rawang-Seremban and Sentul-Port Klang routes but at low frequencies. With the savings of rolling stock, couple those together to serve busy routes. The delays experienced by KTM commuter users seem to be with regards to clashing intercity and freight trains, and usually this is most severe in KL, from the Jalan Bangsar Junction to Jalan Kuching. Naturally the most sensible thing would be to schedule all trains, and make sure they follow their schedules. But they dont, for reasons sometimes beyond KTMs control. There is the issue of different grades of service on different lines. KLIA Transit, being the most posh, followed by the LRTs and Monorail and the KTM commuter at the bottom. And with this, also have different fares for similar journeys. For example, for the journey Bandar Tasik Selatan to KL Sentral Komuter RM1.00 KLIA Transit RM4.20 Sentul to Bandaraya/Bank Negara (although Sentul KTM and LRT are at different places) Komuter RM1.00 LRT RM1.40 It is also inevitable that KTM has to Improve on its scheduling and also further computerization with traffic control. Increase in capacity by acquiring more rolling stock to articulate the current trains and to have more train sets in service. Improve its station quality as well as integration with other rail lines. C:UsersANNA HBCRDesktopKlktm.gif Finding To find effectiveness of KTMB as a public transportation KTMB was an effective way to travel as a public transportation. KTMB was the respondents choice as a public transportation to travel around Rawang-Seremban, Sentul-Port Klang. Alternative public transportation that the respondents choose was bus. To identify the areas covered by KTMB KTMB covers the area that the respondents were going therefore it showed that the respondent were happy and satisfied with the areas covered by KTMB. The areas that had been covered by KTMB was close to the respondent workplace and to Mid Valley which one of a top spot for tourist and people to shop and hang out. To compare the fare of KTMB with other public transportation The researcher found out that the respondent were satisfied with the ticket price of KTMB compared with the price of other public transportation. The factor that many respondents were satisfied was the fare price is cheaper than taking other public transportation. KTMB was close to the place that many respondents were going therefore KTMB was the majority respondents choice of transportation. To analyze the frequency of travelers using KTMB transportation The researcher found out that the travelling frequency for KTMB was adequate for respondents as many of the respondents used this service to travel around Rawang-Seremban, Sentul-Port Klang. Important factor would be that the respondents used this service because their workplace is situated in KL Central, Mid Valley and etc also to avoid traffic jams. Gantt Chart for Research Project Proposal Activity Start Date Duration (days) End Date Proposal 14/9/2011 3 17/9/2011 Survey Methodology 14/9/2011 1 15/9/2011 Literature Review: 18/9/2011 12 10/9/2011 Authors 18/9/2011 7 25/9/2011 Government Publications 27/9/2011 7 4/10/2011 Questionnaire Preparation 5/10/2011 1 6/10/2011 Interview and Survey 6/10/2011 2 8/10/2011 Tally and Analyze Survey Questionnaire 8/10/2011 1 9/10/2011 End Discussion and Conclusion 9/10/2011 1 10/10/2011 14/9/2011 8/10/2011 25/10/2011 6/10/2011 Proposal Survey Methodology Literature Review: Authors Government Publications Questionnaire Preparation Interview and Survey Tally and Analyze Survey à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ End Discussion and Conclusion Start Date Duration (days) Task 4 (LOC 4 : AC 3) Conclusion and recommendation Findings of this study have important practical to management of quality of the Malaysian rail services. This study demonstrates the usefulness as a measure of service quality. The measurement scale also serves to identify symptoms and the underlying problems that inhibit the effective provision of quality services in rail transport. Once the attributes of rail services from the customers perspective are more clearly known and understood, its service providers will be in a better position to anticipate consumer requirements rather than to react to consumer dissatisfaction. The attributes of reliability and tangibles have been identified by respondents to be the most important dimensions of service quality. These two dimensions were also found to have the highest gap (perception minus expectation), implying that customers expectation of reliability and tangibles dimensions of the railway services are not met by KTMB. Although these findings cannot be generalized to the overall passenger profile, KTMB should use it as an impetus to assess their services, particularly to study ways of improving on their reliability and tangibles dimensions. KTMB management could start by improving on staff training, especially to train their staff to be more professional and courteous when dealing with customers. The public confidence of KTMB has to be gained and the best way is for the management to look at improving on aspects such as reliability of services, improving physical facilities, training of staff and communicating precise information on train schedules. In view of the intense competition in the transport sector with the opening of the North-South Highway, it is imperative that the management of KTMB carry out more research to discover any shortfalls in service quality and to take necessary corrective measures in case of a shortfall. This could ensure that the service quality of KTMB provides the best to its consumers in order to compete effectively with other modes of transport. As the consumer plays a key role in the definition and evaluation of the quality of rail services offered, managers of KTMB should incorporate consumer expectations and perceptions in the formulation of effective long-term marketing strategy. KTM should improved the train service in terms of the punctuality and provide a suitable frequency (for example: every 10 minutes) to reduce congestion at the stations especially during peak hours. This study also recommends that future researchers should come out with the focus groups to compare the opinion between KTMB users with other transportation mode users.

Ch 3 Kidwell

CHAPTER 3 THE RESERVE BANK OF AUSTRALIA AND INTEREST RATES How is an increase in the cash rate likely to affect mortgage interest rates? Increases will be announced almost immediately in variable rates. How is an increase in the cash rate likely to affect imports An increase in the cash rate may attract an additional flow in of foreign investment funds which will increase the AUD exchange rate. Foreign goods priced in a currency against which the AUD has appreciated will be cheaper in AUD terms and thus the quantity of the goods sold may will increase.How is an increase in the cash rate likely to affect the exchange rate? An increase in the cash rate may attract an additional inflow of foreign investment funds which will increase the AUD exchange rate (appreciate the currency). 20. Will a drop in the cash rate affect inflation? Explain. Theoretically it will. A drop in the cash rate will stimulate borrowing, investment and economic activity. The increased demand for resources will pu t upward pressure on the prices of resources and may lead to inflation. Answers to in-chapter questions 3. What is likely to happen to the monetary base when (a) Centrelink credits age pension to pensioners’ bank accounts? – increase in money supply, (b) the RBA buys government securities from Australian investors and (c) banks raise funds by an overseas note issue?A – increase in money supply B – increase in money supply C – no change as if the payments are received in forex, then they exchange the currency for AUD already in the money supply. If the payments are received in AUD, then other agents have already exchanged the forex for AUD. 3. Why do the financial markets pay so much attention to the cash rate? The cash rate reflects the monetary policy stance and the influence the RBA is trying to exert on the level of economic activity. It also has a significant impact on consumer and business confidence, willingness to invest and spend and abilit y to service their debt. 3. 4 Describe the likely consequences for GDP growth when the RBA sells CGS to raise funds for the Commonwealth Government A sale of CGS will reduce the supply of money in the economy all other things being equal.This will lead to increased in interest rates as money supply reduces. Higher interest rates reduce the spending power of consumers and business. This results in less spending, investment and a general decline in asset values as spending tightens. Consumers and business are also likely to become more conservative as rates increase. This would then limit GDP growth. It also must be consider for what purpose the funds will be used and this may mitigate the restrictive monetary policy position.